The Electoral College System - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1295 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/06/14 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Electoral College Essay Did you like this example? Presidency can be defined as the position of being president, or the length of time during which someone is president (Cambridge Dictionary, 1). The president of the United States is someone who can be viewed as having significant power over the people and ultimately the country. Presidential candidates start campaigning for office as early as two years before election day. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Electoral College System" essay for you Create order This allows the American people to try and understand the views of said candidate. Comprehending the values of each candidate is important in the voting process. Society tends to vote for the candidate that they can relate to the most. However, when citizens vote for who they believe in and entrust their values in, the electoral college has the ability to elect the other presidential candidate for office. The popular vote can lean towards one candidate and the electoral college can elect the other into office. This system takes away societyrs individual liberty to elect the president they see fit. The electoral college should be abolished or reformed to a more effective and accommodating method. Founded in 1787 in the Constitutional Convention and ratified in 1804, the electoral college is a system put into place to elect the President and Vice President of the United States. During the Constitutional Convention, there were many methods proposed on how to elect Presidents. One of which was election by popular vote, and what we know today as the electoral college. Delegates feared that popular vote would make the office too powerful (Patterson, 354), by electing officials who were not deemed fit for office. Thus, they adopted the electoral college system. The first electoral vote system (Patterson, 354) consisted of electors picked by the states, with each state entitles to one elector for each member of Congress. However, after the 1828 election, Andrew Jackson set out to pass a constitutional amendment to abolish the electoral college. While he was unsuccessful, Jackson did manage to convince the states to correlate the electoral votes to that of the popular vote. Jacksonrs reform, which is still in effect today, allows the candidate who wins the state popular vote to receive the electoral votes. Today, most Americans are familiar with the basis of electing the next President; each state has an open election where thousands of citizens can cast their vote. Citizens then go to their designated voting poll and cast their vote for the next President and Vice president of the United States. The electoral college consists of 538 electors that all meet up in a designated location to cast the official votes for the next President and Vice President. Each state has a different amount of electoral votes these votes are based off of Senators, House of Representatives, and population. Each state is given a minimum of two votes from Senate and at least one from the House of Representatives (which ranges from 1-52 members). The electors have pledged their vote to the party that nominated them. They are morally expected to vote for the party that nominated them, however, it is not required. In unusual circumstances there have been times when electors go against their pledge and vote for the opposite party candidate. This rarely occurs as most electors stay true to their state and vote the way they pledged to. While it is uncommon for electors to change votes, it is not uncommon that the majority of uneducated voters have no idea that is what they are voting for. What a lot of (young) voters do not realize is that they are not actually voting for President, but are instead voting for specific electors to vote on their behalf. As more and more people start to realize what exactly the Electoral College does, they are also starting to realize it is not a system they want in their country. The Electoral College system served its purpose back in the 19th century, but as America revolutionizes so should our gover nment. When deciding between reforming the Electoral College or abolishing it altogether, it did not take me long when I looked at the reformation acts that have been proposed. The abolishment of the Electoral College seemed socially more effective. Originally, the Electoral College system was put into place when only white, male landowners could vote. These men wanted full control over who was elected into office. Abolishing the Electoral College is the most effective plan for our society in our day and age. The main fundamental concern with the Electoral College is the fear the electoral vote with contradict that of the popular vote. The most recent example of this is the 2016 election. Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton were the two candidates from both the Republican and Democratic parties. While Clinton won the popular vote, Trump won presidency solely because of the Electoral College. This is when the debate over the electoral college resurfaced once again. Society loses all sense of individuality when the Electoral College is involved. When the Electoral College is involved individual voters do not have an equal voice in designating the person who shall occupy the highest office within the power of the people. (Kallenbach, 1). People feel they do not have any say in Presidential elections when electors vote for them instead. America was founded to be the land of the free, so why are we not letting the citizens of the United States be free and choose the President they want? It all comes down to power and tradition. Since the Electoral College has been in place since 1804, there is not a lot of enforcement to change it in anyway. However, what the government does not take into account is how rapidly the world is changing around us, and this system is no exception. By eliminating the Electoral College, there will be more of a voter participation because then every vote matters equally. Swing states also have an unequal amount of power in elections. Most candidates when they campaign only focus on major swing states like Ohio, Florida, and Michigan. That is because these states have a medium amount of electoral votes and are generally an even red and blue state. There is an excessive amount of pressure on these swing states for the whole election. Candidates rely on these states to win the overall election. This is unfair and shows unequal opportunity for each state. With elections solely based on the popular vote there will be equal opportunity for each state and individual. One argument to refor ming the Electoral College would be to reform it using the District Plan. This plan, which is already used in Nebraska and Maine, breaks electoral votes up by district instead of statewide. While this gives out more votes and can allow candidates to earn larger amounts of electoral votes; it is essentially the same aspect as the Electoral College. When you break it down even if you win one district out of three and you get that vote, but the other party gets two votes and then another two votes from the statewide vote. In the end, it does not matter whether because it is the same concept as the Electoral College just with a larger amount of votes. In my opinion, all the ideas of reforming the Electoral College are not right for our country. Society is always evolving for the better and sometimes it is hard to change old ways. The Electoral College is a system founded by the Founding Fathers of the United States. It is a difficult system to try and reform let alone abolish. Though, with the continuous changes in society it is inevitable that there will not be any changes in our constitutional platform. With the abolishment of the Electoral College system, it will be the first major step to uniformed equality and advancement in the United States of America.

Analysis of the Movie Soundtrack Eternal Sunshine of the...

Sound Choosing the soundtrack for a movie is another difficult task that a director has to do because they have to find a perfect song or an instrumental track that will fit or compliment the scene that they are editing. The soundtrack of a movie is also a guaranteed way of effecting the emotions of the audience members. As a result, directors spend a great deal of time in choosing the right soundtrack for the movie. They want to make sure that they target the correct emotions for each scene. The sequence of â€Å"Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind† featured many different sounds; such as, speech, music and sound effects. The scene begins with Joel and Clementine laying underneath a blanket. Clementine is telling Joel a story from her childhood, and as she tells the story, we can hear music in the background, which is considered non-diegetic sound because the audience can hear it but not the characters in the movie. The music we hear, as audience members, is very calming and smooth and continues to play as Clementine tells her story. We then see Joel crawling between blankets because he is trying to catch up with a memory that is currently being erased. As he moves to another memory, we can hear another type of non-diegetic sound; however, this time it is harsh and fast, which indicates that he is moving fast because he does not want the memory to be erased. We continue hearing this harsh sound as he remembers the beginning of the memory of him and ClementineShow MoreRelatedEternal Sunshine Of The Spotless Mind2281 Words   |  10 Pagesscene could be†. - Michel Gondry As this quote from French film director Michel Gondry suggests, the ability of a director to create a film that hides the camera and the construction of a film remains difficult. In his 2004 film, Eternal Sunshine of The Spotless Mind, Gondry utilizes the full potential of the film medium, to express his own unique visual style. He has a number of films that he has directed such as Human Nature, which was also written by scriptwriter Charlie Kaufman. Both GondryRead MoreAn Individual Detailed Analysis on the Style, Editing Techniques Mise-En-Scene and Cinematography in the Film Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind.2581 Words   |  11 PagesAn individual detailed analysis on the style, editing techniques Mise-en-scene and cinematography in the film Eternal sunshine of the spotless mind. Michael Gondry’s Eternal sunshine of the spotless mind (2004) is not your typical Hollywood rom-com. Its cinematic style is very original and by far out of the ordinary for its genre. The use of techniques and the way the film is produced is the reason why it is so memorable. The non-linear narrative is based around a middle-aged guy who falls in

Studies on Employee Satisfaction Free Essays

With the increased competition, fast-paced environment and globalization efforts, companies are finding that they need the support of their employees more than ever. However, the new breed of personnel wants more than pay as a benefit. They are increasingly being motivated by other factors such as greater involvement with business decisions. We will write a custom essay sample on Studies on Employee Satisfaction or any similar topic only for you Order Now Recent studies are researching ways that successful organizations are encouraging positive employee morale despite ongoing business changes. Full employee participation is required for any organizational change to succeed. Joint development of programs gives people ownership and the motivation to ensure the support of the change process. At SmithKline Beecham and Levi Strauss, for example, the strategy is view employees as business partners (Reid, 2004, p. 40). Some of the ways that Beecham and Strauss are instituting change include: 1) An emphasis on values as well as goals, since employees want to know how the organization expects to meet the desired results; 2) Along with #1, encourage joint goal setting that leads to greater involvement and dialogue. Joint goal setting can be a powerful motivator (Reid, 2004, p. 40). 3) Support anonymous real-time feedback through the Internet or the traditional suggestion boxes. 4) In tandem with #3, respond to feedback to let employees know their ideas have been heard. 5) Test and reward new ideas and response to challenges; 6) See employee involvement as an ongoing process that builds over time, rather than a one-shot deal; and 7) Continually review the goals established to see what headway is being made and changes needed. Survey employees regularly to measure whether needs are being met and the degree of interest in the company’s success. Employee specialist Joel Schettler also notes the importance of updating training that in many cases still treats personnel as â€Å"grist for the mill† (2003, p. 56). Training programs should be cast as enhancing a right rather than negating a wrong. Employee motivation and incentives and training programs must go hand-in-hand to become an effective tool in today’s environment. Training should also develop teamwork and foster pride in one’s work. Pay-for-performance approaches bring only short-term, skin-deep results. When an employees’ emotional involved, unexpected positive results occur. Arnett (2002, p. 87) stresses that companies are always putting an emphasis on external marketing programs when they should be marketing their internal customers, â€Å"the employees,† as well. He argues that a successful internal-marketing strategy can enhance both job satisfaction, organizational pride and positive employee behavior that is characterized by a commitment to customer service, cooperation with other employees, and to the company. Looking at the research that has thus far been conducted on employee motivation, Arnett (2002, p. 88) says that the effects of employee satisfaction have been researched extensively, but not the effect of pride. In a study, he hypothesized that both job satisfaction and pride are important variables that managers can use to encourage employees to engage in desired behavior. Further, developing a good relationship with employees is a precursor to building a good relationship with customers. Specifically, the study looked at job satisfaction, or an employee’s general affective evaluation of his or her job; pride, an emotion that is crucial to understanding human behavior that is derived from both self-appraisals and others’ opinions and represents a belief that one is competent and viewed positively by others; role clarity, where employees are clear about the scope and responsibilities of their job; a reward system where employees know they will be measure on how well they perform their duties and that positive performance brings rewards; work environment that is pleasing and offers rewarding experiences; managers that provide the proper training, listen to employees and are fair; an organization that promotes its performance to employees so they know they are a part of that performance; and activities that foster positive employee behavior and the well-being of the organization. Arnett (2004) developed a questionnaire that was responded to by 860. The majority of the respondents had been with the organization for between 1 and 5 years, 26 percent had been with the corporation less than one year, and the remaining 3 percent had been with the company for over five years. Most respondents were hourly employees, 9 percent were supervisors, 4 percent were salaried non-management employees, and 4 percent were managers. The results showed that job satisfaction and pride have the desired goal of promoting positive employee behavior. Three factors seem especially critical to building job satisfaction among employees–role clarity, the work environment, and employees’ evaluations of managers’ performance. Employees who believed they had a clear understanding of what it took to do their job were more likely to be satisfied. Therefore, employers should try to ensure that employees have a clear understanding of their responsibilities and expectations. Interestingly, the employees’ evaluation of the reward system did not influence their job satisfaction. However, the researchers feel this is not an indication that employees do not care about the reward systems in their organizations. Instead, it may be an indication that other factors are more important for changing employee behavior. The results do support the proposition that the work environment affects job satisfaction. Therefore, organizations should not focus solely on the guests’ environment, but should also examine that used by their employees as well. Employee evaluations of managers is related positively to job satisfaction, so managers should monitor the perceptions that employees have of the management team and make changes as necessary. In fact, the workers’ evaluation of managers is most important to job satisfaction; role clarity is the next most important, followed by work environment. The study also showed that job satisfaction effected pride positively. Employees who were the most satisfied with their jobs exhibited the most pride in their organizations. Therefore, we suggest that job satisfaction influences employee behavior. Second, it affects positive employee behavior indirectly by encouraging, pride in the organization, which then leads to positive employee behavior. The results support the fact that employees’ evaluation of managers has a positive effect on pride in the organization, as well. The Arnett research concluded that both job satisfaction and pride in the organization are important factors that influence employee behavior. Therefore, organizations that wish to promote positive behavior in their employees should focus on both of these factors. Although many organizations have specific programs and procedures designed to improve employee satisfaction, fewer organizations make a concerted effort to increase employee pride. Our results suggest that more organizations should focus on improving employee pride. What these above studies demonstrate is that if a company wants to encourage positive change and employee behavior, they need to look at other factors than pay and other material incentives. Although these will always continue to part of an employee incentive package, it is also necessary to reward personnel with the knowledge that their feedback and involvement are important to the company’s success. How to cite Studies on Employee Satisfaction, Essay examples

Consumer Expenditure and Equi-Marginal Utility Essay Sample free essay sample

Consumer behavior theory attempts to explicate the relationship between monetary value alterations and consumer demand. Utility is a construct used to denote the subjective satisfaction or usefulness attained from devouring goods and services. This construct helps to explicate how consumers divide their limited income / resources among different picks of goods and services that help achieve them satisfaction ( public-service corporation ) The issue nevertheless is how we are supposed to mensurate public-service corporation and how the value of public-service corporation derived from assorted picks can be quantified. Because of these issues. the consumer behavior theory has been reformulated and public-service corporation is viewed as a manner to depict penchants. It was recognised that all that mattered about public-service corporation is whether one combination of pick had a higher public-service corporation than another ; by how much higher or lower didn’t truly matter Prefe rences of consumers is the cardinal description of import for analysing pick while public-service corporation is merely a simple manner of depicting penchants Entire public-service corporation The entire satisfaction or fulfillment received by a consumer through the ingestion of a goods or services or a combination of both is defined as Entire public-service corporation. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Expenditure and Equi-Marginal Utility Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For case if a individual consumes five units of a trade good and derives U1. U2. U3. U4. U5 public-service corporation from the consecutive units of a good. his entire public-service corporation will be. TU = U1+ U2 +U3+ U4+ U5| Entire public-service corporation additions with an addition in ingestion. but as ingestion rises. entire public-service corporation grows at a decreasing rate. Every unit of a good or service has a fringy public-service corporation and the entire public-service corporation is a simple add-on of all the fringy public-service corporations of the units of goods or services All consumers want to accomplish the maximal possible entire public-service corporation for their disbursement and therefore they look to unite different packages of goods and services. With their limited resources. consumers make assorted picks in order to increase their entire public-service corporation with each extra unit of ingestion. Fringy public-service corporationAs discussed above all consumers attempt to maximise their entire public-service corporation from the goods and services they consume. This procedure of optimization leads the consumers to see the fringy public-service corporation of geting extra units of the merchandise or service and of geting one merchandise or service as opposed to another. Merchandise features and single gustatory sensations and penchants apart from available resources ( money ) determine direct demand. Utility is maximised when merchandises are bought at degrees such that comparative monetary values equal the comparative fringy public-service corporation derived from ingestion. The fringy public-service corporation of a good is the addition in entire public-service corporation gained by devouring one extra unit of that good. for a given degree of ingestion of other goods| Law of decreasing fringy public-service corporation We have discussed earlier that with an addition in ingestion entire public-service corporation additions but at a slower and slower rate. Law of decreasing fringy public-service corporation explains this construct. The jurisprudence of decreasing fringy public-service corporation says that as ingestion rises the fringy public-service corporation of devouring the following unit is less than the old 1. Consequently the fringy public-service corporation of good lessenings as more and more units of that good are consumed as shown in the tabular array and figure below: Measure of Good| Total Utility ( TU ) | Fringy Utility ( MU ) | 1| 10| 10| 2| 19| 9|3| 27| 8|4| 34| 7|5| 40| 6| Equimarginal UtilityThe dollar value of a consumer’s fringy public-service corporation from devouring extra unit of a merchandise is called the fringy benefit. It is the maximal monetary value that a consumer will pay for an extra unit and will fall as ingestion additions. When different merchandises are available a consumer will guarantee that the last dollar spent on each merchandise gives an equal fringy public-service corporation ( MU ) per dollar spent. For two merchandises A and B this can be expressed as: MUA = fringy public-service corporation of merchandise A ;MUB = fringy public-service corporation of merchandise BPA = monetary value of merchandise A ;PB = monetary value of merchandise B To exemplify. allow us take a instance of a male child who wants to purchase fruits and has $ 6 to pass. He finds that apples and oranges are available. While apples cost $ 2 per kg. oranges are available for $ 1 per kg. The fringy public-service corporations of the first three kgs of apples are $ 3. $ 2. 50 and $ 2 severally and the fringy public-service corporations of the first 3 kgs of oranges are $ 2. 00. $ 1. 25 and $ 1 severally. The male child would accomplish maximal public-service corporation by purchasing 2 kgs of apples and 2 kgs of oranges as the fringy public-service corporation of the last kg of each per dollar monetary value is 1. 25. In simpler words. if Apples cost costs twice every bit much as Oranges. so purchase Apples merely when the fringy public-service corporation derived from it is at least twice every bit great as Oranges’ fringy public-service corporation. Indifference Curve Analysis As we know that the consumer is able to rank packages of goods and services based on the public-service corporation he derives from them. This makes possible fall ining together of all these packages that give the consumer equal public-service corporation / satisfaction. The curve drawn on these packages or combinations of goods and services is known as indifference curve. At all points across the indifference curve the consumer derives same degree of public-service corporation. And therefore the consumers are apathetic because they do non care which of the packages on the indifference curve they have. Compare the ingestion bundles shown on the figure above. The indifference curve I1 tells us that Bundles A. B and C give the consumer equal satisfaction. Bundle E contains fewer bananas and fewer apples than Bundle B. and hence Bundle B ( and A and C ) must be preferred to Bundle E. Similarly Bundle D contains more bananas and more apples than Bundle B. and hence Bundle D must be preferred to Bundle B ( and A and C ) . While bundle D should be on a higher indifference curves as it gives more public-service corporation to the consumer. Tocopherol should be on a lower curves as it gives lesser public-service corporation. The indifference curves are convex to the beginning as because to maintain the consumers’ public-service corporation invariable he must be compensated with progressively larger sums of good Ten for each extra unit of good Yttrium he is giving up. This construct stems from the fact of decreasing fringy public-service corporation and is explained below in Marginal rate of permutation Slope of an Indifference curve is given by: Fringy Rate of Substitution = | where MUA and MUB are fringy public-service corporation derived from the last unit consumed of good A and B severallyAll of the points along an indifference curve represent combinations of goods / services that are every bit fulfilling to the consumer | Fringy Rate of SubstitutionThe sum of one unit of good that a consumer is prepared to predate for one excess unit of another good is known as the fringy rate of permutation. The fringy rate of permutation of good A for good B is the figure of good A the consumer is willing to give up to derive another unit of good B without impacting entire satisfaction. A diminishing fringy rate of permutation of good B for good A implies that the consumer is willing to give up decreasing measures of good A to derive each extra good B. This means that if it takes. state. n excess units of good A to convert a consumer to give up one unit of good B. it will take more than another n excess good A to carry her to give up yet another unit of good B. Suppose the undermentioned combinations of fruits give the consumer equal satisfaction: Apples | Oranges | 20| 1|15| 2|11| 3|8| 4|The fringy rate of permutation of oranges for apples falls from 5 to 4 to 3. screening that the consumer is more willing to give up apples for an extra orange when the consumer has a batch of them. Budget Constraint The package of goods and services that the consumer can afford depends on two factors viz. ; * Price of the goods ; and* Income of the consumerFurther to determine the packages low-cost by the consumer we assume that both the above factors are fixed which implies that the two factors are independent of the pick of ingestion bundle The budget line therefore is a line drawn on all points that is low-cost to the consumer. presuming that all income is spend As shown in figure above. with a given income and monetary values of goods. if a consumer spends all his income on apples. he or she can afford to purchase A apples. Alternatively. the consumer could purchase B bananas. or an intermediate package such as E. Consumer Equilibrium Persons ( consumers in this instance ) make their picks about the measure of goods and services to be consumed with the aim to maximise their entire public-service corporation. But in maximising entire public-service corporation they face several restraints. the foremost being the individual’s income degree and the monetary values of the goods and services that he desires to devour. These restraints as discussed above signifiers the budget line of the consumer. The consumer’s attempt to maximise entire public-service corporation. topic to the budget line. includes determinations about how much he would devour of the goods and services and the combination of goods and services at which the consumer maximises its entire public-service corporation is called consumer equilibrium. A consumer confronting the budget line ( fixed income and given market monetary values of goods ) can come to a point ( or equilibrium ) of maximal satisfaction or public-service corporation merely by moving in the undermentioned mode. Each merchandise is demanded up to the point where the fringy public-service corporation for every unit of money spent on it is precisely the same as the fringy public-service corporation of the spent on any other good. This cardinal status of consumer equilibrium can be written in footings of Marginal Utilities ( MU ) and Prices ( P ) of the different goods in the undermentioned compact manner. = = = Common MU per unit of income. To maximize public-service corporation the consumers spread out their outgos in such a manner that the fringy rate of permutation is equal to the comparative monetary value of the good Ten as in the figure above. To stand for it numerically: = Therefore uniting the budget line with indifference curves. we can determine the ingestion package which a consumer will take.